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Halu Oleo Law Review

Articles

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Halu Oleo Law Review

Kedudukan "Digital Twin" dalam Hukum Telekomunikasi di Indonesia

DOI
https://doi.org/10.33561/holrev.v10i2.186
Submitted
January 6, 2026
Published
2026-10-20

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal position of Digital Twin technology within the framework of telecommunications law in Indonesia, particularly in relation to ultra-low latency network infrastructure and cyber-physical system governance. The type of research used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach, which analyzes primary and secondary legal materials related to telecommunications, information, and electronic transactions, and personal data protection. The results of the study show that Digital Twin, which is a dynamic virtual representation of physical entities and is essential to the Society 5.0 ecosystem, does not yet have an explicit and specific legal position in the Telecommunications Law or its implementing regulations. The dependence of Digital Twins on ultra-low latency connectivity provided by 5G and 6G networks places them functionally under the jurisdiction of the Telecommunications Law. However, current positive law only focuses on the regulation of transmission media, such as frequency spectrum and infrastructure/frequency sharing mechanisms. This regulatory vacuum has serious legal implications, particularly regarding the liability of virtual entities and the management of real-time big data consumed by Digital Twins, which are vulnerable to cyber threats and privacy issues. Therefore, regulatory harmonization is needed that goes beyond the regulation of physical infrastructure, covering big data governance, comprehensive cybersecurity, and legal certainty regarding the accountability of automated decisions generated by Digital Twin algorithms (Explainable AI - XAI).

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